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| crew = 49〔〔 | deaths = 11〔 | injuries = 42〔 | damage = | map_state = | map_name = }} On 14 November 2015, a TGV train derailed in Eckwersheim, Alsace, France, during pre-opening testing on the second phase of the LGV Est high-speed rail line, killing eleven crew and injuring the remaining 42 persons aboard, which included 4 children who were not authorized by SNCF to be on the train.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=France TGV crash: Children on board derailed train )〕〔 The test train was traveling eastbound on the southern track when it entered a curve at 〔—which was above its assigned speed—causing the rear bogie of the lead power car to derail to the left (outside of curve) due to centrifugal forces.〔 The lead power car separated from the rest of the train.〔 The rear of the lead power car struck the concrete parapet on the abutment to a bridge over the Marne–Rhine Canal.〔 The power car slid along the left parapet of the bridge and overturned, sliding down the embankment and coming to a rest beyond the end of the bridge.〔 Cars 2-7 derailed before the bridge and travelled off the embankment with enough speed to overshoot the canal and come to rest beyond the beginning of the bridge.〔 Cars 8-9 came to rest on the east bank of the canal and the rear power car ended up partially submerged in the canal.〔 According to investigators, late braking, which led to the train entering the curve at excessive speed, was the immediate cause of the accident.〔〔 It was the first fatal derailment in the history of the TGV and the third derailment since the TGV entered commercial service in 1981.〔 ==Background== The LGV Est européenne (often just ''LGV Est'') is a high-speed rail line connecting Paris and Strasbourg, which is being built in two phases. The first phase, from Vaires-sur-Marne near Paris, to Baudrecourt opened on 10 June 2007.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.lgv-est.com/decouvrir/les-enjeux-du-projet/ )〕 Construction on the second phase, from Baudrecourt to Vendenheim, near Strasbourg, began in 2010.〔 The final weld of rails on the second phase occurred in March 2015, marking the completion of the line, although some work remained. Following commissioning trials and training for operators, the line was scheduled to open for commercial service on 3 April 2016.〔 The scheduled tests for the line consisted of four phases:〔 #factory testing of components of the line, completed in 2013-14 #on-site testing of components and functioning of subsystems, completed in 2013-2014 #static testing of subsystems with slow-moving trains, completed from late 2014 to August 2015 #dynamic testing of the line with trains operating at high speed, began in September 2015 and scheduled to have been completed in November 2015 A specialized test train, Dasye set 744 in a commemorative livery, arrived to conduct the fourth phase of testing, which began on 28 September 2015. During this phase, more than 200 test runs would be performed on the line. The test runs would test ride smoothness, performance of the catenary, radio communications, and the signalling system.〔 During some runs, the test train would operate at 10% above the planned operational speeds for the line when it enters service. Some automated safety systems were disabled to allow the test train to operate beyond normal operating conditions.〔 Between January and March 2016, orientation training for operators was scheduled before the line's scheduled opening on 3 April 2016.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Eckwersheim derailment」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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